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  • Organisation: Utrecht University
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  • Ricgraph - Research in context graph

    Ricgraph, also known as Research in context graph, enables the exploration of researchers, teams, their results, collaborations, skills, projects, and the relations between these items. Ricgraph can store many types of items into a single graph. These items can be obtained from various systems and from multiple organizations. Ricgraph facilitates reasoning about these items because it infers new relations between items, relations that are not present in any of the separate source systems. It is flexible and extensible, and can be adapted to new application areas. Throughout this text, we illustrate how Ricgraph works by applying it to the application area research information. Motivation Ricgraph, also known as Research in context graph, is software that is about relations between items. These items can be collected from various source systems and from multiple organizations. We explain how Ricgraph works by applying it to the application area research information. We show the insights that can be obtained by combining information from various source systems, insight arising from new relations that are not present in each separate source system. Research information is about anything related to research: research results, the persons in a research team, their collaborations, their skills, projects in which they have participated, as well as the relations between these entities. Examples of research results are publications, data sets, and software. Example use cases from the application area research information are: (1) As a journalist, I want to find researchers with a certain skill and their publications, so that I can interview them for a newspaper article. (2) As a librarian, I want to enrich my local research information system with research results that are in other systems but not in ours, so that we have a more complete view of research at our university. (3) As a researcher, I want to find researchers from other universities that have co-authored publications written by the co-authors of my own publications, so that I can read their publications to find out if we share common research interests. These use cases use different types of information (called items): researchers, skills, publications, etc. Most often, these types of information are not stored in one system, so the use cases may be difficult or time-consuming to answer. However, by using Ricgraph, these use cases (and many others) are easy to answer. Although this text illustrates Ricgraph in the application area research information, the principle "relations between items from various source systems" is general, so Ricgraph can be used in other application areas. Main contributions of Ricgraph (1) Ricgraph can store many types of items in a single graph. (2) Ricgraph harvests multiple source systems into a single graph. (3) Ricgraph Explorer is the exploration tool for Ricgraph. (4) Ricgraph facilitates reasoning about items because it infers new relations between items. (5) Ricgraph can be tailored for an application area. Read more about Ricgraph For a gentle introduction in Ricgraph, read the reference publication: Rik D.T. Janssen (2024). Ricgraph: A flexible and extensible graph to explore research in context from various systems. SoftwareX, 26(101736). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2024.101736 The website for Ricgraph can be found at https://www.ricgraph.eu The documentation website for Ricgraph can be found at https://docs.ricgraph.eu Extensive documentation, publications, videos and source code can be found in the GitHub repository https://github.com/UtrechtUniversity/ricgraph

  • Syntactic Profiler of Dutch

    SPOD is syntactic profiler that covers a broad spectrum of properties. It is part of the PaQu application but has its own interface with a menu of predefined queries. It can be used to provide general information about corpus properties, such as the number of main and subordinate clauses, types of main and subordinate clauses, and their frequencies, average length of clauses (per clause type: e.g. relative clauses, indirect questions, finite complement clauses, infinitival clauses, finite adverbial clauses, etc.). It yields output in HTML and tab-separated text format.

  • Corpus Studio Web

    Summary CorpusStudio is a web application that facilitates in-depth quantitative syntactic research for linguists. Background CorpusStudio is a web application that facilitates in-depth quantitative syntactic research for linguists. It does so by supporting researchers in writing queries that operate on syntactically parsed text corpora in a number of major xml formats. Queries that belong together are kept in xml documents that are called ‘Corpus Research Projects’ (CRPs). These documents contain the queries, the order in which they are to be executed, meta-information about the queries and the project as a whole, as well as a specification of the input used for the project. The use of CRPs helps improve the replicability of corpus research. Access Any CLARIN-NL user can access the CorpusStudio web application and make use of the 'standard' corpora. New users must provide a login name and password, after which they can make use of the application. Adaptable The CorpusStudio code is open-source. Users can take the code, adapt it and use it for their own purposes. Users can also take the code from GitHub as it is, but build their own server in order to run the application on their own text-corpora. User documentation and an API are available (see below). The current version of CorpusStudio supports xml text corpora in the FoLiA and Psdx formats. Extensions to other xml formats are possible. CrpxProcessor provides the basic functionality and is on github on https://github.com/ErwinKomen/CrpxProcessor. CrppServer takes care of /crpp and uses CrpxProcessor. It is on GitHub on https://github.com/ErwinKomen/CrppServer. CrpStudio is on https://github.com/ErwinKomen/CrpStudio, takes care of /crpstudio and uses CrpxProcessor. Main features Keep all important aspects of a research project in one file Define one or more search queries in a hierarchy Uses w3c developed Xquery and Xpath Integrated CorpusStudio-specific Xquery functions User-definable functions and variables Create corpus result databases with user-definable features accompanying each hit Divide the output into calculatable categories Divide the results into meta-data-dependent groups Parallel processing yields a speed-up of a factor 20-100 compared to the Windows version Compatibility with the Windows programs "Cesax" and "CorpusStudio" Limitations and future developments Current limitations to the program include: working with result database, restricted login system, no document view, grouping is restricted to system-defined groups, no query or project wizard. Although the CLARIN-NL project has stopped in December 2015, every effort will be undertaken to make sure that a number of essential features are going to be added.
    Komen, E. R. 2017. Beyond Counting Syntactic Hits. In: Odijk, J and van Hessen, A. (eds.) CLARIN in the Low Countries, Pp. 259–268. London: Ubiquity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/bbi.21. License: CC-BY 4.0
    Komen, Erwin R. 2011. Coreferenced corpora for information structure research. In Outposts of Historical Corpus Linguistics: From the Helsinki Corpus to a Proliferation of Resources. (Studies in Variation, Contacts and Change in English 10) Jukka Tyrkkö, Terttu Nevalainen, Matti Rissanen & Matti Kilpiö (eds). Helsinki, Finland: Research Unit for Variation, Contacts, and Change in English.
    Komen, Erwin R. 2013. Finding focus: a study of the historical development of focus in English. Utrecht: LOT.
    Komen, Erwin R. 2013. Corpus databases with feature pre-calculation. In Proceedings of the twelfth workshop on treebanks and linguistic theories (TLT12). Sandra Kübler, Petya Osenova & Martin Volk (eds), 85-96. Sofia, Bulgaria: The institute of information and communication technologies, Bulgarian academy of sciences.

  • Frog: An advanced Natural Language Processing suite for Dutch

    Frog's current version will tokenize, tag, lemmatize, and morphologically segment word tokens in Dutch text files, will assign a dependency graph to each sentence, will identify the base phrase chunks in the sentence, and will attempt to find and label all named entities.
    Van den Bosch, A., Busser, G.J., Daelemans, W., and Canisius, S. (2007). An efficient memory-based morphosyntactic tagger and parser for Dutch, In F. van Eynde, P. Dirix, I. Schuurman, and V. Vandeghinste (Eds.), Selected Papers of the 17th Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands Meeting, Leuven, Belgium, pp. 99-114

  • COAVA: Cognition, Acquisition and Variation Tool

    In COAVA two sets of databases are made available in a standardized way: one with historical dialect data (the databases WBD and WLD with lexical data of the Brabantish and Limburgian dialect between 1880-1980) and one with first language acquisition data (four databases form the CHILDES project). The databases contain linguistic information (dialect form, standardised form (“Dutchified”), lexical meaning), geographical information (locality, dialect area, province) and information on the source (inquiry forms or monotopic dictionaries and the date of documentation). The visualisation of the first two sets of information will lead to lexical maps. The most typical way for the user to get to the data will be with the use of the browsable concept taxonomy. The databases are, in other words, approachable via search tools but also via a thematic taxonomy. This taxonomy was developed for the dialect databases and covers the general vocabulary. COAVA (COgnition, Acquisition and VAriation Tool) brings together two strange bedfellows: first language acquisition and historical dialectology. In historical linguistics there is the common assumption that language change in the past is due to the process of non-target like transmission of linguistic features between generations i.e. between parents and children. Despite this assumption, both disciplines remain isolated from each other due to, among others, different methods of data-collection and different types of resources with empirical data. The aim of the COAVA project was to demonstrate that the common assumption in historical linguistics, mentioned above, can be examined in detail with the help of Digital Humanities. This interdisciplinary research targets at the development of a tool for easily exploring the linguistic characteristics of concepts. In COAVA two sets of databases are made available in a standardized way: one with historical dialect data (the databases WBD and WLD with lexical data of the Brabantish and Limburgian dialect between 1880-1980) and one with first language acquisition data (four databases form the CHILDES project).
    Leonie Cornips, Jos Swanenberg, Wilbert Heeringa, Folkert de Vriend (2016). The relationship between first language acquisition and dialect variation: Linking resources from distinct disciplines in a CLARIN-NL project. Lingua, Vol. 178, 07.2016, p. 32-45. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2015.11.007
    Cornips, L., Swanenberg, J., Vriend, F. de, Heeringa, W. (2012), Is what we have acquired early, less vulnerable to variation? A comparison between data from dialectlexicography and data from first language acquisition. http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/coavasite/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Abstract-SIDG-2-JS.pdf
    Cornips, L., Kemps-Snijders, M., Snijders, M., Swanenberg, J. and Vriend, F. de (2011). Bridging the Gap between First Language Acquisition and Historical Dialectology with the Help of Digital Humanities. SDH Copenhagen. http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/coavasite/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Paper-SDH.pdf

  • Namescape Search

    Searching and visualizing Named Entities in modern Dutch novels. The named entity (NE) tagging and resolution in NameScape enables quantitative and repeatable research where previously only guesswork and anecdotal evidence was feasible. The visualisation module enables researchers with a less technical background to draw conclusions about functions of names in literary work and help them to explore the material in search of more interesting questions (and answers). Users from other communities (sociolinguistics, sentiment analysis, …) also benefit from the NE tagged data, especially since the NE recognizer is available as a web service, enabling researchers to annotate their own research data. Datasets in NameScape (total of 1.129 books): Corpus Sanders: A corpus of 582 Dutch novels written and published between 1970 and 2009 will. Corpus Huygens: Consists of 22 novels manually tagged with detailed named entity information. IPR for this corpus do not allow distribution. Corpus eBooks: Consists of 7000+ Dutch eBooks tagged automatically with basic NER features and person name Part information. IPR for this corpus do not allow distribution. Corpus SoNaR Books: 105 Dutch books; NE tagged. Corpus Gutenberg Dutch: Consists of 530 NE tagged TEI files converted from the Epub versions of the corresponding Gutenberg documents. Recent research has conclusively proven names in literary works can only be put fully into perspective when studied in a wider context (landscape) of names either in the same text or in related material (the onymic landscape or “namescape”). Research on large corpora is needed to gain a better understanding of e.g. what is characteristic for a certain period, genre, author or cultural region. The data necessary for research on this scale simply does not exist yet. NameScape aims to fill the need by providing a substantial amount of literary works annotated with a rich tag set, thereby enabling researchers to perform their research in more depth than previously possible. Several exploratory visualization tools help the scholar to answer old questions and uncover many more new ones, which can be addressed using the demonstrator.
    de Does, J, Depuydt, K, van Dalen-Oskam, K and Marx, M. 2017. Namescape: Named Entity Recognition from a Literary Perspective. In: Odijk, J and van Hessen, A. (eds.) CLARIN in the Low Countries, Pp. 361–370. London: Ubiquity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/bbi.30. License: CC-BY 4.0
    Karina van Dalen-Oskam (2013), Nordic Noir: a background check on Inspector Van Veeteren, 31 May 2012, http://blog.namescape.nl/?p=47

  • Polimedia: Interlinking multimedia for the analysis of media coverage of political debates

    PoliMedia links the minutes of the debates in the Dutch Parliament (Dutch Hansard) to the databases of historical newspapers and ANP radio bulletins to allow cross-media analysis of coverage in a uniform search interface. For each fragment from a single speaker in a debate, the developers extracted relevant information: the speaker, the date, important terms from its content and important terms from the description of the complete debate. This information was then combined to create a query with which they searched the archives of newspapers, radio bulletins and television programmes. Media items that corresponded to this query were retrieved and a link was created between the speech and the media item, creating a Semantic Web of Dutch Hansard and media coverage. This Semantic Web contains links from the Dutch Hansard to newspaper articles and radio bulletins. From evaluations it was found that there was a 62% recall and 75% precision. To navigate this Semantic Web, a search user interface was developed based on a requirements study with five scholars in history and political communication. The developers created a faceted search interface in which the Dutch parliamentary minutes can be searched in full-text and in which refinements can be performed based on the speaker, the role of the speaker (parliament of government), political party and year. These debates are presented with links to the original locations of the media items. Polimedia is a collaboration of the TU Delft and the Free University (development of Semantic Web of Dutch Hansard and media), the Netherlands Institute of Sound and Vision (development of the search user interface) and Erasmus University Rotterdam (projectleader and user research of historians and political communication researchers).
    Juric, D., Hollink, L., and Houben, G. (2013). Discovering links between political debates and media. The 13th International Conference on Web Engineering (ICWE'13). Aalborg, Denmark.
    Juric, D., Hollink, L., and Houben, G. (2012). Bringing parliamentary debates to the Semantic Web. DeRiVE workshop on Detection, Representation, and Exploitation of Events in the Semantic Web.
    Kemman, M. J., and Kleppe, M. (2013). PoliMedia - Improving Analyses of Radio, TV and Newspaper Coverage of Political Debates. In T. Aalberg and E. Al. (Eds.), TPDL2013, LCNS 8092 (pp. 409-412). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
    Kemman, M. J., Kleppe, M., and Maarseveen, J. (2013). Eye Tracking the Use of a Collapsible Facets Panel in a Search Interface. In T. Aalberg and E. Al. (Eds.), TPDL2013, LCNS 8092 (pp. 405-408). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
    Martijn Kleppe, Laura Hollink, Max Kemman, Damir Juric, Henri Beunders, Jaap Blom, Johan Oomen and Geert-Jan Houben. PoliMedia: Analysing Media Coverage of political debates by automatically generated links to Radio & Newspaper Items. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1124/linkedup_veni2013_04.pdf

  • Namescape Visualizer

    Searching and visualizing Named Entities in modern Dutch novels. The named entity (NE) tagging and resolution in NameScape enables quantitative and repeatable research where previously only guesswork and anecdotal evidence was feasible. The visualisation module enables researchers with a less technical background to draw conclusions about functions of names in literary work and help them to explore the material in search of more interesting questions (and answers). Users from other communities (sociolinguistics, sentiment analysis, …) also benefit from the NE tagged data, especially since the NE recognizer is available as a web service, enabling researchers to annotate their own research data. Datasets in NameScape (total of 1.129 books): Corpus Sanders: A corpus of 582 Dutch novels written and published between 1970 and 2009 will. Corpus Huygens: Consists of 22 novels manually tagged with detailed named entity information. IPR for this corpus do not allow distribution. Corpus eBooks: Consists of 7000+ Dutch eBooks tagged automatically with basic NER features and person name Part information. IPR for this corpus do not allow distribution. Corpus SoNaR Books: 105 Dutch books; NE tagged. Corpus Gutenberg Dutch: Consists of 530 NE tagged TEI files converted from the Epub versions of the corresponding Gutenberg documents. Recent research has conclusively proven names in literary works can only be put fully into perspective when studied in a wider context (landscape) of names either in the same text or in related material (the onymic landscape or “namescape”). Research on large corpora is needed to gain a better understanding of e.g. what is characteristic for a certain period, genre, author or cultural region. The data necessary for research on this scale simply does not exist yet. NameScape aims to fill the need by providing a substantial amount of literary works annotated with a rich tag set, thereby enabling researchers to perform their research in more depth than previously possible. Several exploratory visualization tools help the scholar to answer old questions and uncover many more new ones, which can be addressed using the demonstrator.
    de Does, J, Depuydt, K, van Dalen-Oskam, K and Marx, M. 2017. Namescape: Named Entity Recognition from a Literary Perspective. In: Odijk, J and van Hessen, A. (eds.) CLARIN in the Low Countries, Pp. 361–370. London: Ubiquity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/bbi.30. License: CC-BY 4.0
    Karina van Dalen-Oskam (2013), Nordic Noir: a background check on Inspector Van Veeteren, 31 May 2012, http://blog.namescape.nl/?p=47

  • TTNWW - TST Tools for the Dutch Language as Web services in a Workflow

    TTNWW integrates and makes available existing Language Technology (LT) software components for the Dutch language that have been developed in the STEVIN and CGN projects. The LT components (for text and speech) are made available as web-services in a simplified workflow system that enables researchers without much technical background to use standard LT workflow recipes. The web services are available in two separate domains: "Text" and "Speech" processing. For "Text", workflows for the following functionality is offered by TTNWW: - Orthographic Normalisation using TICCLops (version CLARIN-NL 1.0); - Part of Speech Tagging, Lemmatisation, Chunking, limited Multiword Unit Recognition, and Grammatical Relation Assignment by Frog (Version 012.012); - Syntactic Parsing (including grammatical relation assignment, limited named entity recognition, and limited multiword unit recognition) by the Alpino Parser (version 1.3); - Semantic Annotation; - Named Entity Recognition; - Co-reference Assignment. For "Speech", the following workflows are offered: - Automatic Transcription of speech files using a Netherlands Dutch acoustic model; - Automatic Transcription of speech files using a Flemish Dutch acoustic model; - Conversion of the input speech file to the required sampling rate, followed by automatic transcription. The TTNWW services have been created in a Dutch and Flemish collaboration project building on the results of past Dutch and Flemish projects. The web services are partly deployed in the SURF-SARA BiG-Grid cloud or at CLARIN centres in the Netherlands and at CLARIN VL University partners. The architecture of the TTNWW portal consists out of several components and follows the principles of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). The TTNWW GUI front-end is a Flex module that communicates with the TTNWW web-application which keeps track of the different sessions and knows which LT recipes are available. TTNWW communicates assigments (workflow specifications) to the WorkflowService that evaluates the requested workflow and requests the DeploymentSevice to start the required LT web-services. After initialization of the LT web-services, the workflow specification is sent to the Taverna Server, that takes further care of the workflow. To facilitate the process of wrapping applications that were originally designed as standalone applications into web services, the CLAM (Computational Linguistics Application Mediator) wrapper software allows for easy and transparent transformation of applications into RESTful web services. The CLAM software has extensively been used in the TTNWW project for both text and speech processing tools. With the exception of Alpino and MBSRL all web services work operate on CLAM wrappers. Given the number of web services involved in the TTNWW project and possibilities offered by the cloud environment the preferred method of delivering the web service installations was delivery of complete virtual machine images by the LT providers. These could be directly uploaded into the cloud environment and thus relieving the CLARIN centres nd LT providers from the original foreseen task of running the webservices themselves. A potential advantage of this method, that has not been exploited in the project yet, is that these images may be also be delivered directly to the end user so these can be run in a local configuration using virtualization software such as VMWare of VirtualBox. The workflow engine used in the project was Taverna. But build on top of this was a a number of selectable task recipes, following a task oriented approach in line with the premises that users with no or little technical expertise should be able to use the system. In this context, tasks are understood in terms of end results of processes such as semantic role labelling, pos tagging or syntactic analysis and ready-made workflows are constructed that can be readily used by the end user.
    Kemps-Snijders, M, Schuurman, I, Daelemans, W, Demuynck, K, Desplanques, B, Hoste, V, Huijbregts, M, Martens, J-P, Paulussen, H, Pelemans, J, Reynaert, M, Vandeghinste, V, van den Bosch, A, van denHeuvel, H, van Gompel, M, van Noord, G and Wambacq, P. 2017. TTNWW to the Rescue: No Need to Know How to Handle Tools and Resources. In: Odijk, J and van Hessen, A. (eds.) CLARIN in the Low Countries, Pp. 83–93. London: Ubiquity Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/bbi.7. License: CC-BY 4.0